"The Sun.. "

The Sun

Observation data
Mean distance from Earth	1.496×108 km 8 min 19 s at light speed
Visual brightness (V)	−26.74
Absolute magnitude	4.83
Spectral classification	G2V
Metallicity	Z = 0.0122
Angular size	31.6′ – 32.7′
Adjectives	solar
Orbital characteristics
Mean distance from Milky Way core	~2.5×1017 km 26,000 light-years
Galactic period	(2.25–2.50)×108 a
Velocity	~220 km/s (orbit around the center of the Galaxy) ~20 km/s (relative to average velocity of other stars in stellar neighborhood) ~370 km/s (relative to the cosmic microwave background)
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	1.392×106 km 109 × Earth
Equatorial radius	6.955×105 km 109 × Earth
Equatorial circumference	4.379×106 km 109 × Earth
Flattening	9×10−6
Surface area	6.0877×1012 km2 11,990 × Earth
Volume	1.412×1018 km3 1,300,000 × Earth
Mass	1.9891×1030 kg 333,000 × Earth
Average density	1.408×103 kg/m3
Density	Center (model): 1.622×105 kg/m3 Lower photosphere: 2×10−4 kg/m3 Lower chromosphere: 5×10−6 kg/m3 Corona (avg.): 1×10−12 kg/m3
Equatorial surface gravity	274.0 m/s2 27.94 g 28 × Earth
Escape velocity (from the surface)	617.7 km/s 55 × Earth
Temperature	Center (modeled): ~1.57×107 K Photosphere (effective): 5,778 K Corona: ~5×106 K
Luminosity (Lsol)	3.846×1026 W ~3.75×1028 lm ~98 lm/W efficacy
Mean Intensity (Isol)	2.009×107 W·m−2·sr−1
Rotation characteristics
Obliquity	7.25° (to the ecliptic) 67.23° (to the galactic plane)
Right ascension of North pole[8]	286.13° 19h 4min 30s
Declination of North pole	+63.87° 63°52' North
Sidereal rotation period (at equator)	25.05 days
(at 16° latitude)	25.38 days 25d 9h 7min 12s
(at poles)	34.4 days
Rotation velocity (at equator)	7.189×103 km/h
Photospheric composition (by mass)
Hydrogen	73.46%
Helium	24.85%
Oxygen	0.77%
Carbon	0.29%
Iron	0.16%
Neon	0.12%
Nitrogen	0.09%
Silicon	0.07%
Magnesium	0.05%
Sulfur	0.04%